Metal roof structure



METAL ROOF STRUCTURE Filed June '6, 1938 j "-1 Zhwentor FAN ft. MU PHK fig.

. (Ittornegs.

Patented Dec. 19, 1939 ammi. noon smuoronn on. mum-play, Mlddletown, Ohio, asslgnor to The American Rolling Mill Company, Mlddletown, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application June' a- 1938, Serial No. 212,0s5 14 (Cl.108-21) My invention is addressed to sheet metal roof-' ing and roof structures, and in-particular to a type of roofing known as the standing seam type.

A large number of forms of metal roofing have 5 been devised, but those which have proved commercially satisfactory have heretofore been of complicated construction. It is a fundamental object of my invention to provide a type of roof and roofing structure which is greatly simplified 10 both as to manufacture and as to installation without sacrificing any factor of safety.

It is an object'of my invention to provide an easily manufactured and easilyapplled metal roofing which does not ordinarily require any 5 rivets or nails. Still another object of my invention is to provide a roofing which comprises a standard roofing sheet made from standard sizes of sheet metal, which roofing sheet-can'be nested for shipment.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a roofing element or sheet which does not require the making of sharp bends in the sheet material, or complicated locking arrangements.

This object is of particular importance inasmuch 25 as roofing of this class is ordinarily made ofgalvanized sheet metal; and the mamng of sharp bends in such sheet metal is likely to impair the protection afiorded by the galvanized coating. Moreover, it is my object to provide-a type of 30 roofing in which substantially the entire width of the initial sheets from which the roofing is constructed is available for covering purposes,

i. e., a roofing sheet, or element, in which no important percentage of the original width of the :5 sheet is taken up in the formation of interlocking joint structures.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a joint structure in roofing of the class referred to which structure is free of capillary 40 action. These and other objects of my invention, which will be set forth hereinafter or will be apparent to one skilled in the art upon reading these specifications, I accomplish by that certain construction and arrangement of parts of which 45 I shall now describe a preferred embodiment.

Reference is made to the drawing, wherein: .E gure 1 is a perspective view of a roof to which my novel roofing has been applied. certain parts being shownin section. 1 50 Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the v lines2-- 2ofl?lgurel.

Figure 3 is a sectional view through a ridge roll, and is taken along the lines 3-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a sectional view through a portion of 55 the anchoring arrangement taken along the lines 4-4 of Figure 2. Figure 5 is a typical cross section of my joint or sheet lap as I prefer to use it where a nailed on roof or siding is used instead of theclipped on type.v

o Sheet metal roofing in accordance with my invention maybe made of any suitable gauge or character of metal, and may be made of plain, corrugated, -stamped,'or embossed sheets, as may be desired, In my drawing I have shown the roofing sheets proper made from corrugated sheet metal. There is no limitation upon'the size of the metal elements which make up my roofing sheets. It is the usual practice to manufacture these elements from standard sized galvanized sheets. The roofing sheets themselves are indicated at 5- in the several figures. 1n the form shown'they have corrugated bodies and, on each end are bent upwardly as at 6 to form a standing seam element; and the extreme edges of the roofing elements arerolledor given a curved formation as indicated at I. It will be noted that this 'form of roofing element is extremely simple to manufacture, and is a form well adapted to nesting during transit. a

In Figure l, I have shown certain structural elements of the roof of a building comprising purline 8. These purlins are shown as running lengthwise of the roof; but my roofing is of such character that it may be applied to purlins which run from the eaves to the ridge, providing the width of the roofing element 5 is such that the edges thereof will overlie the purlins. My sheet metal members 5 are laid side by side longitudinally on the roofing structure. If the distance between the eaves and the ridge'is greater than the length of my elements 5, the elements are laid in overlapping courses as will be readily understood.

It will be apparent from Figure 2 that when the elements are laid in sideby side relationship, rolled portions 1 of adjacent sheets are brought close to each other so as to form the underlying structure of a. standing seam. A U shaped saddle member 9 of strap metal or the like is placed overthe adjacent rolled edges. A substantially U shaped seat member iii of strap metal or the like is placed beneath the member 9.

A bolt II is passed down through perforations in the members-9 and I0, and through a perforation in a bent over leg I2 of a fastening member I3; 5

and aunt I4 is tightened on the .bolt. This has the effect of clamping the rolled portions 1 between the members 9 and Ill so as to provide a firm joint; and it also has the. effect of fastening to this ioint the mountin means I3. 1

,The mounting means ll'may-have any form suitable to. the type of roof construction of the building. The number or purlins is dependent upon the length and gauge of the sheet being used for the member 5. Where the metallic purlins, such as the I-beams l are employed, the mounting member I! may be of strap 'metalof substantial U shape having a shorter leg I! and a longer-leg I! which is carried beneath the purlin and bentback over its lower fiangepasindlcated at It in Fig- 00 length of a single purlin as the case may be. It will be noted that if a joint structure is made at a place where courses of the elements overlap, the

rolled portions 1, clamped between the members 9 and III, will be of double thickness; but the manner of making 7 the joints and the joint itself is not varied. For other types of roof structures, other types of mounting members l3 may be employed, as will be clear. By way of example, in a roof structure having stringers and a wooden deck, the mounting means l3 may be appropriately shaped so as to be fastened to the decking by screws, nails or bolts. Further, in any construction where the joint is not accessible from beneath for the tightening. of the bolt M, the bolt may be reversed so that the nut can be tightened on it from above, or the member i3 may have fastened to it a suitable upstanding threaded lug.

In Figure 5 I have shown a modified form of sheet edge joint especially adapted for use on a wooden deck. Here adjacent sheets are indicated at 5a. They have the upstanding, preferably rolled portions la, as in Figure 2, except that the upstanding portions at the sheet edges may ady'antageously be 'of less height, as shown. A saddle member 9 is again used; and may be held in place by a nail 24 which is driven into the roof deck 25. The cover piece I! engages over the or decking, as the case may be.

saddle members, as will presently be described. It is not usually necessary, but if desired, a perforated block or strip 26 may be employed as shown in dotted lines to serve as a seat member.

The constructions thus far described eifect a firm joint'between adjacent roofing elements as well as between courses, and further serve to mount the roofing structure firmly on'the purlins Y After the roofing has been applied as indicated, a seam cover piece ii is put in position. As illustrated, this cover piece has a semi-circular cross section andinwardly extending ears l8. It may be made of the same metal as the roofing elements 5 or 5a, or not, as desired; but it will have sufilcient springiness so-that when it is laid over a joint formed as hereinabove described and pressed downwardly into place, the ears IE will engage beneath the ends of the legs of ,the saddle member 9. This eiigagement is sufiiclent to hold the cover piece fi'r'mly in place and to render the joint between the roofing elements 5 water-proof; but it will be noted that myconstruction ofiers no opportunity for leakage due to capillarity. The edge portions 6? the sheets 5 or 5a merely approach each other, -iid the adjacent sheets are contacted merely by the edges of the turned over ears or flanges ill on the cover piece. It will be understood that these ears l8 preferably form a continuous flange along the full length of the cover piece l1. Where more than'one cover piece is necessary in a direction eigtending from the eaves to the ridge, the cover pieces are overlappedjust as the elements 5 are overlapped. There is usually sufilcient springiness in the metal to take care of this; but it is not without the spirit of my invention to manufacture the cover pieces slightly smaller at one end-than at the ridge, I employ a piece which is known as a ridge roll in order to seal the joint from the elements. This ridge roll isillustrated in Figure 3. as

being in one piece, and it comprises a semi-circular central roll l9, and extending radial flange portions 20 and 2| These flange portions, near their ends, may be bent sharply downwardlyas at 22. The extreme edges are corrugated as at 23 (where the elements 5 are corrugated) so as to fit snugly against the surfaces of the elements 5 or 5a. As

the intervals of seam formation, the bent over portion 22 is cut-away as at 24 to accommodate the standing seam.

The ridge .roll is often made in two pieces, as illustrated in Figure 3, where like parts are indicated by like index numerals. It is frequently of advantage to use a two piece ridge roll since the cof'rugations or ridges in the members 5 or in on opposite sides of the roof do not then have to be kept exactly opposite each other.

In the form illustrated in Figure 3'the ridge is made in a manner similar to the making of my standing seam. Ewo of the ridge roll members are placed in position with the rolled edges (in this instance comparable to the rolled edges I or la of the sheets 5 or 5a) placed in juxtaposition. A saddle member 21 is placed over the edges, and a seat member 28 beneath. The two are held together by a bolt 29 which also engages a mounting member 30. This member may be bent around the lower edge of a purlin 8, 8s hown, or other-- piece are then securely caught and held between this shoulder and the ends of the. legs of the member 9. It will be understood that the cover piece can be substantially varied as to body shape and diiferent, and/or ornamental shapes may be adopted. A higher body structure in the cover piece will usually be found necessary where one has to reverse the position'of the bolt l l or tighten the nut i l from above.

Having thus'described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Ida roofing structure, the combination of roofing elements of sheet form having upstanding aide portions and bent over edge portions,

.said edge portions juxtaposed, a saddle member posed edge p rtions, a seat member beneath said saddle member and said juxtaposed edge portions, and means for clamping said saddle member and said seat member together.

2. In a roofing structure, the combination of roofing elements of sheet form having upstanding side portions and bent over edge portions, said edge portions'juxtaposed, a saddle member embracing said'iuxtaposed edge portions, a seat member beneath said saddle member and said juxtaposed edge portions, and means for clamping said saddle member and said seat member together, said saddle and seat members both being of substantial U shape whereby both the turned over portions of said sheet edges and parts of the upstanding" portions thereof are clamped therebetween.

3. In a roofing structure, thecombination of roofing elements of sheet form having upstanding side portions and bent over edge portions, said edge portions juxtaposed, a saddle member exnbracing said juxtaposed edge portions, a seat member beneath said saddle member and said juxtaposed edge portions, and means for clamping said saddle member and said seat member embracing said juxtaposed edge portions, a seat member beneath said saddle member and said juxtaposed edge portions, and means for clamping said saddle member and said seat member together, said saddle and seat members both being of substantial U shape whereby both the turned over portions of said sheet edges and parts of.the upstanding portions thereof are clamped therebetween, said bent over portions of said sheet edges being of rolled configuration whereby to exert resilient back pressure against said clamping pressure, and a mounting means, said clamping means serving to hold said mounting means to said saddle and! seat means. I

5. In a roofing structure, the combination of roofing elements of sheet form having upstanding side portionsand bent over edge portions,

said edge portions juxtaposed, a saddle member,

embracing said juxtaposed edge portions, a seat member beneath said saddle member and said juxtaposed edge portions, and means for clamping said saddle member and said seat member together, said saddle and seat members both being .of substantial .U shape whereby both the turned over portions of said sheet edges and parts of the upstanding portions thereof are clamped therebetween, said bent over portions.

of said sheet edges being of rolled configuration whereby to exert resilient back pressure against said clamping pressure, and a mounting means, said clamping means serving to hold said mounting means to said saddle and sheet means, said mounting means comprisinga metal strip having aportion so-clamped and a tongue extending with a purlin. 6. In a roofing structure, the combination of' angularly therefrom and adapted to-be engaged roofing elements of sheet form having upstanding side portions and bent over edgeportions,

said edge portions juxtaposed, a saddle member embracing said juxtaposed edge portions, a seat member beneathsaidsaddle member and said juxtaposed edge portions, and means for .clamping said saddle member and said seat member together; and a cover piece having a hollow body portion and inturned edge flanges, said cover piece engaged over the joint formed as described, said flanges engaged saddle member.

'7. In a roofing structure, the combination of roofing elements of sheet form having upstanding side portions and bentover edge portions, said edge portions juxtaposed, a saddle member embracing said juxtaposed edge portions, a seat member'beneath said saddle member and said.'

juxtaposed edge portions, means for clamping said saddle member and said seat member together. and a carer piecehaving a hollow-body portion and. inturned' edsed-flangeasaid covgr over the jointftormedas de-t beneath the ends of said scribed, said flanges engaged beneath the ends of said saddle member, the upstanding portions at the sides of said roofing element being provided with shoulders also engaging the flanges on said cover piece.

' B. In a roofing structure, the combination of roofing elements of sheet form having upstanding side portions and bent overedge portions, said edge portions juxtaposed, a saddle member embracing said juxtaposed edge portions, a seat member beneath said saddle member and said juxtaposed edge portions, and means for clamping said saddle member and said seat member together, said saddle and seat members both being of substantial U'shape, whereby both the turned over portions of'said sheet edgesand parts of the upstanding portions thereof are clamped there-- between, the upstanding portions at the sides of said roofing element being provided with shoulders lying below the ends of said saddle member.

9. The combination as claimed in claim 5 including a ridge member having rolled edge portions, a flange extending therefrom, a bent over portion on the edge of said flange contacting the surface of said sheet metal roofing members, said bent over portion being cut-away to accommodate the standing seam between said roofing members.

10. A' ridge roll member comprising a strip of metal having 'a rolled edge portion along one side thereof adapted to be caught beneath a saddle member and be closely embraced thereby over a major portion thereof and having a flange'portion extending from said rolled portion, and

meanson said flange portion for conforming to the surface configuration of a roof covering.

11. In a roofing structure the combination of a fiat deck, roofing sheets having rolled edges in juxtaposed relationship, a saddle member olosely embracing a major portion of the juxtaposed .rolled edges of said roofing elements and a fastening member engaging said saddle member, ex-

tending between said. juxtaposed edges and engaging said. roof deck -for holding said saddle member in engagement with said edges.

12. In a ridge roll structure a pairof ridge.

members having juxtaposed edges, said edges being rolled, a saddle member closely embracing a major portion of said rolled edges, means for fastening said saddle member to the supporting elenients of a roof and a cap member engaged over said saddle member and covering the juxtaposed edges of said ridge members.

13. A ridge roll structure comprising a pair of ridge members having juxtaposed rolled edges and flange portions for overlying roofing on the sides of a roof, a saddle member closely embrac- 'ing a major .portion of said rolled members, a

seat beneath said rolled members, and means for fastening said seat. and said saddle together whereby to clamp said-rolled edges, and a cap member engaging over said rolled edges and held in place by said saddle member.

14. Aridge roll structure comprising a pair of ridge members having juxtaposed rolled edges and flange portions for overlying roofing on the sides of a roof, a saddle member closely embrac-' ing a major portion of. said rolled members, a

seat beneath said rolled members. and means for fasteningsaid seat and said saddle together whereby to clamp said rolled edges, and acap member engaging over said rolled edges and held.

in place by said saddle member, and mounting means also engaged by said clamping means.

a DAN It. MURPHY. 

